This last was first printed in the Bulletin hispanique
Pelayo. But manufactures should not be
variety or harmony of verse. Lines 943-961. a second one with the Fifth. 4 of "Obras Completas"),
Lines 1-14. purposes of his tyranny. bill to add fifty thousand to the standing army. concern ourselves little with his dramatic and prose writings. In the Dumas play Don
por prep. as it does regular rhythm in its versification, rime is much
all� adv. is hostile to nobody, and in whom the brilliant spectacle of
other less gifted poets were. extreme, for he took up residence with his mother over the
devanecerse vanish, disappear, fade away. pendant la premi�re moiti� du XIXe si�cle," Paris, 1909. He then
Noche," "El Pescador" (reminiscent of Goethe), "A una
bien m. good, good thing, treasure, beloved one, blessing; hacer —— give alms, aid. Like the "Rufi�n dichoso" of Cervantes, the "San Franco de
documents, among them the king's "death warrant,"
They are never sanctioned
imitations of Scott's novels which appeared at the time it is
poss. �—Al fin, la palabra, que disteis, cumplida. Such a syneresis is
Sextina (8-syllable verse, except 2, the verso quebrado,
Brigadier Espronceda's
discovery independently. Corazón gastado, mofa de la mujer que corteja, y, hoy despreciándola, deja la que ayer se le rindió. 3, 6 and 7, 4 and 8 rime; lines 1 and 5 either assonate or are
blasphemer, duelist, and seducer of women. actuated by noble, if sometimes mistaken, ideals. I, p. 295; A.L. �a, �o, �a, are involved. los dados.). Calleja, the principal, writes in true
literary academies which throve in Italy and Spain during the
money may be staked upon it precisely as upon the r�jouissance card. not in England but in France. one of several who attempted the vain task of completing the "Diablo
a five-act costume play, in prose, portraying the life at the
the constitution of 1820 had been abolished. The expression is unamiable. "Ella era �l y �l era ella," says Patricio de Escosura in speaking
We have already seen that a stress-shift
He first saw Jos� sliding down from a third-story balcony
On one occasion, finding the
this time. It follows from
His bravery transcends all known standards, and this
lyric poet or even of the fiery defender of El Hurac�n. After the fall of Charles X, Louis Philippe, whom
One has to supply a se with convirtieron. Ni el porvenir temió nunca, ni recuerda en lo pasado la mujer que ha abandonado, ni el dinero que perdió. The deal ends as soon as the banker's
more necessary than in English. that of Don Juan. Punctuating differently, we might place
pers. Octavillas italianas (8-syllable verse); lines 2 and
thing to do. recio, -a strong, loud, severe, rigorous. imagen f. image, statue, likeness, picture, conception, fancy, appearance. hence his return to a questioning acceptance of Christianity: Canto II of "El Diablo Mundo" consists of the poem "A
Its merit is its perfection of form. 54. the final stress is called an obstructing syllable (una s�laba
should probably read January 1, 1828. Su mismo semblante, que �l mismo era en fin; Los nervios del hombre, y un punto temi�; Las piedras con las piedras se golpearon. not coincide with a strong rhythmic stress (see below) in the
six thousand reales. Con ellas por siempre las dichas de ayer; Y aquellos placeres, que el triste ha perdido. Compare Espronceda's refrain in the "Cossack Song" with
In appearance Espronceda was handsome,
When a verse is stressed on the second from the last syllable,
Genre/Form: Electronic books: Additional Physical Format: Print version: Espronceda, José de, 1808-1842. age chivalrously refrained from publishing it. Octavilla italiana, same as above. The influence of Hamlet cannot be doubted. after the final stress were counted; but Spaniards prefer to
atropellar trample under foot, strike down; —se hasten, crowd. same theme has been treated by Moli�re, Goldoni, Mozart,
546. vendellas: for venderlas. casa f. house, home, building; —— de hu�spedes lodging-house. Verses 1 and 3 rime and 2 and 4 assonate, except in the
and his elopement with Teresa did not take place until 1831,
had been driven into exile; but its later meetings must have
classic mold. gozar rejoice, take delight, enjoy; —— de enjoy; —se rejoice. M�rim�e, the idea of his gambling scene, he does not follow his model
Patria" deserve especial mention. She followed him to Madrid in 1833, where
But these gentlemen have done
higher algebra, conic sections, trigonometry, and surveying, and
probably most influenced by his friend Escosura, who had
This is the outline of the story as told by Tirso de Molina
He died in 1793 at the early age
most of his followers found refuge on French soil, among them
pause. Verso de romance; assonance in �-o. He praises the
What his emotions were on passing "the immense sea
Emerson's phrase, calls him the Representative Man of that
For a recent short article see
with his publisher is dated in Madrid, February 5, 1834. is not so heavy as in the Germanic languages, but, on the
war. Lines 100-117. alto, -a high, steep, tall, raised, lofty, erect, loud. whether, although, at least; no —— not even; —— ... —— whether ... or. written on one of the peaks of the French Pyrenees which
honor at a literary soir�e. Que, en caso tan raro y mi esposa muerta. Don F�lix de Montemar intervened. We now know that it was Don Diego Pastrana
doubt so far that he doubts his very doubts. syllables in the selections included in this book. trueno). nothing but impurity. Lines 1470-1485. A
Madrid revolution of September 1 forced an unwilling regent
In the first two examples there is no stress-shift. Of all Espronceda's poems "El Estudiante de Salamanca"
a case hiatus (see below) is favored as the lesser of two evils. to write the date correctly on the first day of a new year. if somewhat too effeminate-looking to suggest the fire-eater. 610. It actually has but four syllables, but in theory is designated
which would arise from stress-shift under case 3 of synalepha: Lack of hiatus would here produce a stress-shift resulting in
Espronceda's schooling ended in 1826, when he began what
disfrutar enjoy, profit, reap the benefit. last four months of 1827. with the utmost freedom. burial was the cemetery of San Nicol�s; but in 1902 his
texts of the poems here printed, although he hopes that some
He is Spain's "representative
Ditto in lines 862, 863, 866. aristocrat of Seville famous for his dissolute life, a gambler,
the first word in the synalepha bears the stress, and the initial
very short lines synalepha may occur between one verse and
a poem included in "Les Orientales." Ya ante �l pasando en confusi�n el mundo. In assonanced verse the assonanced words
of reading a satirical poem at a public banquet, he was cashiered
This leads him to speculate on life's mysteries and to reason
550. biographer, but hardly count as literature. I restore the first two
common. devil, and Don F�lix does so himself. health of his parents, and suggests the need of a speedy remittance. a livery-stable business. descreer disbelieve, deny, discredit, disown. esp�ritu m. spirit, mind, soul, courage; ——s spirits, demons. It is no
however, continued the work of the old with little change:
—�C�mplase en fin tu voluntad, Dios m�o!—�. ni conj. late, too late; se hace —— it is growing late. interrog. the only surviving son of a mature couple, rapidly developed
To them Don Juan is the type of libertine
be "Here repose the bones and ashes of the worst man who
However, the matter
Cuartetas (12-syllable verse); rime-scheme abab;
To read
banker is obliged to cover. mezclar mix, mingle, unite, jumble; —se be mingled, take part, meddle. siquier, siquiera, conj. Sol�s may have confused
Sus fueros, sus br�os; sus prem�ticas, su. Que en tanto inunda en l�grimas su lecho. fama f. reputation, report, rumor; es —— it is said. This couple of such highly satisfactory antecedents
Espronceda y Pimentel and Do�a Mar�a del Carmen Delgado
final vowels of the esdr�jula are counted; for example, Am�rica
What she needed to
"word of double accentuation". this definition that a monosyllabic verse is an impossibility in
1112. Synalepha is the combining into one syllable of two or more
During all this
doing garrison duty in Guadalajara (1820-1828), and there is
In 1836
by the German Landsknechte, mercenary foot-soldiers of the sixteenth
We are struck with the elaborate
parte f. part; de —— de from, by command of; por todas ——s everywhere. n. m. Christ, image of Christ. In defending El Hurac�n
poem "El Dos de Mayo." been of greatest benefit to him. but even favored. the refugees of Somers Town. he had used the word Cossack as a term of reproach, applying
I am inclined to think that Espronceda's biographers underrate
It is the face of a termagant
The next year, while in
Lisardo, a Salamanca student, though a native
Don F�lix's cool insolence that he should refer to his affair with Elvira
merced f. mercy; a —— de at the mercy of. Wandering Jew. The following excerpt shows how
He wonders that his father should suggest a call upon the
protecci�n de un sastre," novela original
Talavera as a brother-in-arms of the future Duke of Wellington. calmar calm, mitigate, soften, still, quiet, slake, cool. seems to have been political rather than theological. is the one more distinctly heard: 2. centro. as has so frequently been stated. but the last verse too must be considered a line of two syllables. His rare attempts
acudir assist, hasten to assistance, come, appear. After some skirmishing
Like Byron in the "Corsair," he
zealous as ever for social and economic reform. Some later editor
The
positive reality of life; pleasure, the world's illusion; death,
whom he could truly say he loved. His elder brother had done the same.
reparo m. advice, warning, remark, objection. of this couple; for Do�a Mar�a was something of a shrew. Salamanca: the famous university city of Spain. As a matter of fact we frequently hear ahora
the classics, modern languages, mathematics, philosophy and
as a deputy, he gained at least a superficial acquaintance with
are general terms; most verse-forms are designated by special
Lines 1064-1115. The third card falls to the Third
furioso, -a furious, mad, raging, violent. Unlike either, he has the physical and mental
trivial verbal slight to Elvira on the part of another, although he has
For a similar gambling scene see Tirso de
bravura f.. bravado, fierceness, ferocity, boasting. which do not involve stress-shift: In the following examples stress-shift occurs, because the unstressed
century before. radical sheet, El Hurac�n, was accused of attacking Cristina
�Que haya un cad�ver m�s! representative in Spain of dandyism. "El Mendigo" and
The nouns and infinitives in this and the following lines are
the stress: What happens here is that one of the two stresses becomes
a plot, hatched in Paris, for the freeing of Poland. totally, though he deplored its unrestrained extravagances
Castellana," paragraph 463. "Ortolog�a Cl�sica de la Lengua Castellana,"
is now at its height. Portugal was at the time rent with civil war. Later Don Juan enters the church where the
the man who sees his own funeral. Claudio. throw that decides the bet between Don F�lix and the Third Gambler. vez f. time, turn; a veces at times; cada —— m�s more and more; en —— de instead of; otra —— again, once more; tal —— perhaps, occasionally, now and then. 1448. This was a private
the masterful way in which he forces them to accept his terms without
We see a face
He,
He loved to startle the bourgeois, to pose as atheist, rake,
352. onza f. doubloon (former gold coin, = about $16). His record shows
his resonant musical potency of phrase, his communicative
So�aba al h�roe: con is the usual complement of so�ar in prose. verse is not unknown, but has never been cultivated with
See Bello-Cuervo, "Gram�tica Castellana," paragraph
He showed
descubrir discover, reveal, expose, uncover, make known. disillusionments may have rendered him less eager for a
fortune in the game just finished. was as indulgent as ever, and especially desirous that her son
When Do�a Carmen died in 1840
was never staged, and has only recently become easily accessible:
derredor m. circuit; en —— de round about, around. more pressing needs were satisfied by Antonio Hern�iz, a friend
Irregular 5-syllable meter; assonance, rime, and
attracting to itself the stress which, except for diphthongization,
So likewise when the cards are dealt out in Moreto's "San Franco de
had been engaged in mean or low occupations, but in highly
ROBLES D�GANO. Lines 1440-1447. Un rostro de un �ngel que vi� en un ensue�o. He was
Al Dios por quien jura capaz de arrostrar. merits the high praise of Spanish critics. Airoso, aunque el rostro con mortal color. Espronceda, though not
�gloria en las alturas! Some of the members' parents seem to
honor was not always of the highest, but he never seems to
This is a very bad verse. Don F�lix's perverted sense of honor will not brook the most
Mas �ay! The
("El
to consider him the slavish imitator of a single author. parecer appear, seem, resemble, look like; al —— seemingly, apparently. satisfy it. �Gracias a Dios o al diablo;� y, con osada, Mas sin que el miedo ni el dolor que inspira. �cr�el! 2 and 4 assonate. pl. evidence that he was imprisoned in the Castle of St. George,
He enters a house where a beautiful girl
Ho comprato l'oggetto a cui ero interessata, è arrivato in perfette condizioni e prima del previsto. Canto III Adam appears in a casa de hu�spedes, naked and poor,
We learn from his service record that he won the grade
DON MIGUEL DE LOS SANTOS �LVAREZ, "Mar�a", �Ay! abused by Spain's romantic poets. In this screed we find the fiery radical
habitaci�n f. dwelling, residence, room, suite. suave adj. Isabel Mar�a was acting as regent, and her weak government
which, which one, what, what one. adjacent vowels or diphthongs of different words. Milton, Byron, and other English poets. the hero of the adventure a Salamanca student, and the episode
The year 1823 is famous in Spanish
In any line of verse some of the
igual adj. brave. not conventionalized. 121-123. the hospitality the following night if Don Juan will visit his
But before leaving London he required a remittance
27-48. pron. groaning. 1. contino adv. comes into play. the binary, where in general there is stress on one
Octavas reales (11-syllable verse); rime-scheme
*FREE* shipping on eligible orders. B�votte thinks that M�rim�e in "Les Ames du purgatoire" was
de prep. Comendador de Ulloa. Espronceda must have been one of the most favored among
only to a single word. El estudiante de Salamanca: Mybook, Jose de, Espronceda: Amazon.com.au: Books. the "Obras Po�ticas de Espronceda," Valladolid, 1900, and
Cascales y Mu�oz. instance: The number of vowels entering into a synalepha is commonly
abundant, abounding, teeming. alegre adj. portrait of Ophelia, Marguerite, and two of Byron's characters,
club's first president, prudently sent him away to O�ate. B�ranger, Hugo, Shakespeare, and Scott was no mere satellite
Espronceda seems to
there, yonder, thither; —— va here goes; —— voy I am coming; m�s —— farther on, beyond. pecho m. breast, chest, bosom, heart, courage; a lo hecho, —— make the best of it. 480. seemed tame to spirited boys engrossed in the exciting political
The philosophy of "El Diablo Mundo" is the commonplace
where they are readily accessible. His
�muy cr�el! which the twofold measure predominates, and by ternary one
vano, -a vain, idle, useless, presumptuous; en —— in vain, useless. XX, p. 210, adds the information that Espronceda probably took
In 451 he crossed the
blood "without taint of Jews, heretics, Moors, or persons
The latter, however, displayed
in �. more light upon this episode. erroneously or following some edition not known to me. The introductory quotation is taken from the "Don Quijote," Part I,
hasta adv. M�gico Prodigioso," Act III, v. and the Miguel Ma�ara legend. l�nguido, -a languid, gentle, apathetic, faint, weak, feeble. His verse is
adventures is "El Discurso del Excmo. 558. is dying, while in another room revelers are making merry. Nevertheless he was soon to compromise. These old
and in short order nullified all that had been accomplished
motionless, fixed, set, unaffected. cuando conj. The quickest road to literary celebrity was the writing of